CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF STUDY
General Hospital calabar. The hospital provide qualitative
Health care services but maintains that they do not just heal mere physical
illness which attacks the human body, but a much deeper and holistic healing of
the entire human person.
These service areas include all the wards (medical and
surgical for male and female, pediatrics, chest unit and the maternity section
as a whole. Other departments are out patient department (OPD), laboratory
department, pharmacy department, central sterling and supply department
(C.S.S.D), X-RAY department community medicine and the mobile clinic, and
theatre department. The roles of these departments are complementary and depict
what they call team-work in patient management, the patient always beings at
the center.
The Hospital since its
establishment has demonstrated a very keen interest in the staff recruitment
and development of highly skilled and very dependable medical and paramedical
personnel. Presently, their work force stands at 460.
Many problems are encountered
with the manual method of handling files. It is quite unfortunate that ESUT
Teaching Hospital. In spite of her large medical service and recognition still
keep her records manually.
The problems
associated with this manual system include time wastage, ineffective use of
statistical data, and duplication of efforts in records keeping. Delay in
decision making, it requires a lot of clerical efforts inability to cope up
with daily work load. Slow in responding the queries / enquires, Rodents
records, lot of human mistakes, lack of confidentiality of files and high cost
of stationary.
This project is
aimed at devising a system that will eradicate these above problems and improve
medical services to the citizens. This computerization process is believed to
be capable of not only solving these problems but many more to be encountered.
1.3
AIM/OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The
main purpose of this project is to investigate and design a computer
based medical services, capable
of eradicating the above mentioned problems to be speeding up the processing,
storing and retrieval of information which greatly assist medical personnel in
the performance of their duties. Again, it will provide a means to ease medical
laboratory statistics and improve decision making by reducing processing time,
as well as reducing the communication gap between the Doctors and other staff
still involved in the patient medical care. It will also reduce human errors to
the barest minimum and improve confidentiality
of files. In summary, the objective is to set an efficient medical database for
the advancement of the medical research and analysis.
1.4
JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROJECT
The researcher
during the course of this investigation found out that all the medical keeping
record are done manually and having seen the problem associated with the manual
system, the researcher calls for a new system in patient related services. The
new system is justified in many ways.
The design of the
new system will eliminate the problems of the system mentioned earlier by
providing quick file retrieval and searches. By providing accurate up to date
information on demand.
It will minimize
redundantly , loss of information will be prevented, the need for volume paper
files and unnecessary spending of paper folders, file cabinet will be removed
and adequate security will be provided to ensure database system.
Furthermore, the
new system is justified when receptionist, medical record clerks in recording
would not be our worked again by the implemented of the automatic system.
1.5
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main objective of this
study is to develop a computerised management system. Others include;
i.
To provide total asset visibility.
ii.
To allow high levels in giving full
patient history.
iii.
To reduce lead time, shelf space,
and errors due to damage, fatigue of staff .
iv.
To facilitate “just in time” deliveries.
v.
To provide full process control for the patient.
vi.
To provide higher level security as
the system would be passworded to prevent unauthorised access.
vii.
To shorten cross docking time and speeds up sort/pick up
rate.
viii.
To help the management plan, monitor,
optimize resources and ascertain their financial position at any time.
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The
scope of the project covers the development of a computer based database
application for use by the these sections (patient state of health,bill payment
and address ) at the general hospital to replace their old paper notebook
recording system.
The requirements include
designing a user interface for the application and providing options for a user
to log into the application by supplying the correct username and password
combination; register new patient and view a list of already registered
patient; to keep records of out patient and in-patient in the hospital; view
patient registered on the database; admitted, discharge, bill patient etc. It
also covers writing the background programming to ensure that the interface
works with the database through the underlying codes to performthe
required actions. It also involves the testing, improvement and optimization of
the application.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
MEDICAL
RECORDS: It is the records that spell out the patient’s illness
and treatment during a particular period for out patients and
inpatients.
OUT
PATIENTS: Any person who goes to receive treatment in the Hospital but
does not stay overnight.
WARD:
A section in the hospital where inpatient stays and receives
treatment on regular bases.
INPATIENTS: A patient
staying and receiving treatment in the hospital.
1.8
PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
This report is organized into
five chapters. The first chapter takes care of introduction: background, aims
and objectives, justification and scope of the project. Chapter two surveys the
literature review of this work. In chapter three, the project methodology, data
collection, analysis, limitations of the existing system, system design, system
flowchart and top down design were done. The input, processing and output
modules are critically analysed.
In chapter four, system
implementation, testing and integration: choice of development tools, system
requirements, and testing were carefully done. Finally chapter five closes up
with summary, recommendations and conclusions:
limitation, Bill of Engineering Measurement
and Engineering
(BEME),
bibliography, appendices
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