CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Internet
and youth become intimate. For an average youth, dwelling in the urban,
semi-urban and even semi-rural areas of Nigeria, the daily dose of web surfing,
gaming and social networking is inevitable now. With the advent and increased
usage of internet in all spheres of life, social interaction has also acquired
a new virtual dimension. Various popular social networking sites have become
the all-embracing definition of social milieu for the present generation.
Ironically, the so claimed socially-networked youth spending prime of their
time in getting connected to the virtual world are in reality isolated and
disconnected (Swaminath 2008) from the real world. The ever-increasing dependence
on the social networking sites can alter the way teenagers mind work (Greenfield
2009) and bring about changes in the psychological structure. The effects of
internet and social networking are twofold. On the positive side, social networks
can act as invaluable tools for professionals. They accomplish this by
assisting young professionals to market their skills and seek business
opportunities. Social networking sites may also be used to network professionally
and for education also In case of education and knowledge, Internet produce
very successful results as compared to traditional methodology [Taraq Hussain
and Samina Naz (2015)].
On
the negative side, the internet is overloaded with a number of risks associated
with online communities. Cyber bullying, which refers to a type of bullying
that is perpetrated using electronic technology, is one of the risks. In case
of education and knowledge, Internet produce very successful results as
compared to traditional methodology. But the youth of the young generation are
actively enjoying the negative effects of the internet.
Studies about the Internet started from
investigating who had Internet access.
Researchers
then moved to investigate actual Internet use, including how much time people
spend on the Internet and what they are doing. This study starts with the assumption
that most youth now have Internet access either at school, library, or at home.
Thus, it examines youth`s actual Internet usage and how the Internet usage changes
youth daily lives in terms of physical, social, and psychological health by investigating
the level of physical activities, social interaction relationship, and loneliness.
The study also examines how youth allocate their time to different media and
daily activities.
1.1
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Technology
has many positive facets but, in the wrong hands, it can become hazardous.
Technology brought about internet and social media which is a valuable tool but
is somewhat misused by today`s youth. The two main forms that the youth use to
access social media are cell phones and the Internet which have brought about
major changes in their lifestyle. With the current exposure and easy access the
youth have to internet and social media.
Issues that are expected to arise include exposure to problematic materials,
online victimization of youth, exposition to unnecessary online marketing and
advertising, exposure to dangerous online behaviours, issues of identity theft,
the emergence of digital divide and generation gap between parents and the
youth.
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
goal of this research is to address the impression and implications of
internet on the Nigeria youth and the
consequences of that use on their behaviour especially personality and
adjustment of youth of Nigeria.
Specific
Objectives:
Ø To determine how the Nigeria youth use internet in
their daily lives.
Ø To determine if the youth of Nigeria prefer internet
and social media as means of communication as opposed to traditional methods.
Ø To find out the impacts of internet and social media
on behaviour changes among the youths of Nigeria.
Ø To find out the effect of internet and social media
for the adjustment of youth of Nigeria.
Ø To determine the risk that comes with use of
internet and social media on the Nigeria youth.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Every
time a new medium has been introduced, the primary concern by society has been
the impact on children in either a positive or negative way. There have been many
past studies that looked at the impact of various kinds of media on children.
The
Payne fund studies investigated the effects of movies on children in 1920s
(Lowery
& DeFleur, 1995). Several researchers studied the impact of movies on
children in terms of audience, content, attitudes, emotions, health, conduct,
and behavior. Even young children were among the moviegoers at that time. A
large content analysis of films during the 1920s reported that over
three-fourths of the films contained crime, sex, and love. Few films dealt with
content that was suitable for children. Also, the use of tobacco and alcohol
was frequently portrayed. In addition, it was found that children were more vulnerable
agents than adults in emotional arousal from watching films. One study even concluded
that certain kinds of films might disturb children’s sleep. Moreover, it was found
that children might imitate the movie character in the real world. Wertham
conducted a study of the effect of crime comic books under the title of “Seduction
of the innocent: The great comic book scare” during the 1950s (Lowery & DeFleur,
1995).
Despite all the criticism, this study found that
children were seduced by the violent content of the crime comic books. Television
was introduced to our lives during 1950s more quickly than any other medium. A
study by Schramm, Lyle and Parker (1961), which was the first major study of
children’s television watching, investigated the effect of the television in
terms of physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioral effect. This study
concluded that television might do harmful things for some children.
Specifically, watching television made children spend less time with playing
(both inside and outside), house chores (e.g., cooking and cleaning), listening
to radio, going to movies, and reading books.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
In this project, There are numerous
impacts of Internet addiction found from the previous research. The negative
impacts of Internet addiction includes, the impact on interpersonal relationship
where the relationship of an individual is getting further from surrounding
(Morahan-Martin, 2005).
Individual
might face behavioural problem due to over usage of Internet where they are reacting
differently than the normal behaviour (Kubey, Lavin & Barrows, 2001). Some
other physical problem might occur due to long use of the Internet. Some
physical problems are migraine or headache, sleep pattern disrupt etc (Jeon,
2005; You, 2007; an d Yang & Tung, 2004).
Some
other problems include psychological problems where an individual are unable to
control their emotions and the way of thinking due to long hour use of the
Internet. They tend to increase the net serving time and eliminate the set
schedule. Moreover, the impact of Internet addiction does not limit to affect
an individual only but might also affect the work performance of an individual
(K.S. Young, 2008). The condition is getting worried when the work problem has
brought some impacts to the people working together and to the company that the
individual is working with. Putting aside the negative impacts, Internet
addiction however brought some positive impacts to the user. The Internet
provides users with information, connecting worldwide, promoting research, work
with other people from overseas country effectively.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Due to time and financial
constraints, the study covers only Youths in Saki West Local government.
1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This
paper incorporates the quantitative approach to study the research objectives.
Sampling has been done effectively and the tool that has been employed to work
on the data collection is particularly questionnaires where the questions were
close ended along with usage of tools such as pie charts. A survey was
conducted in order to target the age bracket (18 to 26). The sample has been
taken mainly from Saki West LG. In all, 100 questionnaires were filled and
reciprocated enthusiastically by the respondents. They were asked a total of 10
questions. On being asked as to which social networking site the target
audience uses the most, 75% responded to Facebook holding the maximum share
amongst the rest. 15% responded to Instagram, 6% responded to Twitter and only 4%
responded to Linkedin thereby proving that maximum of the audience’s share is
inclined towards the platform of social utility that connects them with their
friends and peers who live around them other than a professional platform that
offers them an opportunity to professional networking.
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